23 results
Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
 • Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma
Chronic Causes of Dyspnea ... Acute: Trauma, COPD ... Chronic: Asthma, COPD ... Tamponade • Chronic: Anemia ... hernia, Obesity CNS
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
- Tamponade Pulmonary ... - Asthma - COPD ... Transverse myelitis • Hematology ... : - Anemia • ... diagnosis #causes #pulmonary
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea ... • Sub-Valvular Disease ... Coronary Artery Disease ... • Asthma • COPD ... - Other • Anemia
Pulmonary Hypertension Groups - WHO Classification
Group I - Vascular remodeling of pulmonary arteries
 • Idiopathic, HIV,
hypoxemia • COPD ... chronic hemolytic anemia ... disorders, sickle cell anemia ... activity worsens dyspnea ... markedly limited by dyspnea
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Agglutinin Syndrome (CAS ... • Symptoms of anemia ... fatigue, pallor, dyspnea ... • hemolytic anemia ... #hematology #diagnosis
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) Treatment
Warm AIHA:
1) Steroids - 1-2 mg/kg prednisone daily
   • Until
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia ... (AIHA) Treatment ... esp if severe disease ... azathioprine Cold ... #management #hematology
Paraproteinemias

Entities That Can Feature A Monoclonal Protein/M Component:
• MM
• WM
• MGUS
• MGCS
• MGRS
• Splenic Marginal Zone
• Heavy Chain disease ... (-) hemolytic anemia ... due to cold IgG ... Sneddon-Wilkinson disease ... Paraproteinemias #Hematology
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
matter, spinal cord ... basal ganglia, CNS ... meningitis), MCC CNS ... Arthritis, AS Treatment ... signs #symptoms #rheumatology
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
highly inflammatory disease ... nervous system (CNS ... with leukopenia, anemia ... Treatment: • Corticosteroids ... #Rheumatology
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
pain, hemoptysis, dyspnea ... Leukocytosis, anemia ... hemorrhage • Treatment ... several months of treatment ... Lung #Abscess #pulmonary