8 results
Localizing Extraocular Movement Disorders
 • CN Ill (Oculomotor) Nerve Palsy 
 • CN IV (Trochlear) Nerve
VI (Abducens) Nerve ... One-and-a-half Syndrome ... Skew Deviation Casey ... #Localization #ophthalmology ... #neurology #differential
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Diagnosis Algorithm ... treat underlying cause ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... Pulmonary Diseases, CNS ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Left Abducens Spasm on Physical Exam

A 50 yr male with left facial spasm and diplopia, with
paroxysmal brainstem syndrome ... #Spasm #CNVI #CN6 ... #PhysicalExam # ... clinical #ocular #ophthalmology ... #neurology #video
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... Young females Differential ... dissociation • Other causes ... #Adies #Pupil #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #ophthalmology
Diplopia - Double Vision - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical Pearls:
 • Diplopia is almost always binocular.
 •
Double Vision - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Neurologic ... a mass as the cause ... #Causes #Ophthalmology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
(CES) is usually ... - Emergency Causes ... myelopathy • Transverse ... #differential # ... #neurology
Orbital Apex Syndrome secondary to Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus (HZO)

This 81 yo male was referred to our
other potential causes ... trochlear nerve, abducens ... clinical #video #ophthalmology ... #physicalexam # ... neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... sclerosis - Transverse ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology ... #algorithm