19 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - ... , Acute spinal cord ... finding in spinal cord ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #table
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Dyspnea - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Artery Disease • Stable ... • Asthma • COPD ... Pneumonia • ARDS • COPD
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification

Hypovolemic (Intravascular volume depletion)
 - Hemorrhagic 
   • Trauma
Shock - Differential ... Diagnosis by Classification ... Anaphylaxis - Spinal cord ... exacerbation (any cause ... #Table #CriticalCare
Cold Urticaria
Prevalence - 0.05% in the population
Disease onset - Mostly 2nd to 4th decades of life
Causes
Cold Urticaria Prevalence ... skin contact with cold ... minutes after the cold ... .14674 #Cold #Urticaria ... #table
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Hyponatremia - Differential ... e.g. pneumonia, COPD ... Cerebral salt wasting ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Differential Diagnosis ... • AIHA: warm, cold ... HUS, DIC, HELLP, AS ... Hemolytic #Anemia #Differential ... #classification
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Causes of Neuromuscular ... Weakness • Spinal Cord ... Motor Nerves: ALS ... poisoning, Scorpion sting ... #differential #
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
enzyme 21-OHase causes ... glands • Salt wasting ... • This is also ... Late (shock): cold ... #21HydroxylaseDeficiency #21OHD #pathophysiology
Shock Overview
A state of tissue hypoxia due to decreased or dysregulated oxygen delivery or extraction, resulting
develop in the setting ... Ext: warm vs. cold ... EmmGeezee #Shock #Classification ... #criticalcare #differential ... #causes #classification
Hypophosphatemia and Hypoxia - Pathophysiology

↓ Phosphate leads to ↓ red cell 2,3-DPG and a  reduction
and Hypoxia - Pathophysiology ... is a cause of refractory ... phosphorus is seen in COPD ... renal phosphorus wasting ... patients with COPD