29 results
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia:
 • Mechanism: IgG and Complement-mediated
 • Etiology:
Warm vs Cold Autoimmune ... Hemolytic Anemia ... Immunosuppression, Splenectomy Cold ... BostonChiefs #Warm #Cold ... #diagnosis #comparison
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) - Differential Diagnosis Table

Warm AIHA (48-70%)
Cold AHA (16-32%)
 • Donath-Landsteiner HA (paroxysmal
Autoimmune Hemolytic ... Anemia (AIHA) - ... AIHA (48-70%) Cold ... HA (paroxysmal cold ... hemoglobinuria) • Cold
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Causes of Extravascular ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Warm AIHA • Cold ... Complement-Mediated • Cold ... anemia
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin ... 3 Types of Cold ... Cold Agglutinins ... Primary Secondary Cold ... anemiaCold
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
Extravascular Causes ... anemia): ... Autoimmune (AIHA)"Cold ... (e.g. primary cold ... Extravascular #Causes
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - ... , Acute spinal cord ... finding in spinal cord ... Hyperreflexia #Testing ... #diagnosis #table
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Agglutination - Cold ... #Anemia #Differential ... workup #hematology #testing
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Artery Disease • Stable ... • Asthma • COPD ... Pneumonia • ARDS • COPD ... Pulmonary - Other • Anemia
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Diagnosis for Hemolytic ... Anemia Intrinsic ... • AIHA: warm, cold ... udaygulati #Hemolytic ... #Anemia #Differential
Factors that May Affect Fetal Oxygenation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Excessive Uterine Activity:
 • Hyperstimulation
 • Placental
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Post-dates pregnancy Cord ... Oligohydramnios • Cord ... prolapse • Cord ... #Causes #Obstetrics