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The rationale for aggressive treatment of generalized status epilepticus was described previously here.  In short,
of generalized status ... epilepticus which may cause ... epilepticus may cause ... aspiration, hyperkalemia ... #Management #Neurology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... trauma - Ischemic colonic ... - Hyperosmolar states ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... potassium #high #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Framework and Management ... Summary Causes ... Toxins - Drugs - Statins ... ) • AKI: BUN/Cr ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... trauma - Ischemic colonic ... - Hyperosmolar states ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... potassium #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
and Management ... Weakness, cramping, nausea ... only if no clear cause ... Optimize volume status ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Assess volume status ... the underlying cause ... correction of chronic ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
may precede the neurologic ... Blood transfusion, Hypercalcemia ... the underlying cause ... Syndrome #diagnosis #management ... #neurology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... liver cirrhosis, chronic ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... Kidney stones caused ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
SEPSIS AND SEPTIC SHOCK

DEFINITION AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
 • Sepsis: Life-threatening organ dysfunction due to a dysregulated host
COMMON CAUSES + ... immunosuppression, chronic ... leukopenia, increased Cr ... /kg/hr • The Neurologic ... Altered mental status
Pseudohyperkalemia vs Reverse Hyperkalemia

Pseudohyperkalemia and reverse pseudohyperkalemia are both conditions where potassium levels appear falsely elevated.

Pseudohyperkalemia:
This
Causes: • Thrombocytosis ... , so potassium stays ... Causes: • Seen ... associated with CLL (chronic ... #Potassium #Nephrology