54 results
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
Diuretics sites ... Acetazolamide (carbonic ... Thiazides-type diuretics ... #pharmacology # ... nephrology #medications
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
Summary of Diuretic ... , Interaction CARBONIC ... Tolvaptan #Diuretics ... #Medications #Pharmacology ... summary #table #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... irrigation • Management ... liver cirrhosis, chronic ... cirrhosis, and chronic ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Pharmacologic Treatments of Chronic Hypertension in Pregnancy
Central alpha-agonists
 - Methyldopa
 - Clonidine
Combined alpha- and beta-blocker
 -
Pharmacologic Treatments ... of Chronic Hypertension ... Hydralazine - Diuretics ... Hypertension #Pregnancy #Management ... #Treatment #Pharmacology
Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Diuretics - Pharmacology ... Thiazides diuretics ... Triamterene Carbonic ... #Pharmacology # ... nephrology #conversion
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Renal losses, Diuretic ... Ketonuria, Osmotic diuresis ... : • Acute or chronic ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
- Differential Diagnosis ... 3L /day Water Diuresis ... Partial Dl • Chronic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
(carbonic anhydrase ... thiazide-like diuretics ... , Osmotic diuresis ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Drug Induced Kidney Injury
 • Pre-Renal: NSAIDS, CNI, ACEI/ARB, IL-2 therapy, Diuretics CAR-T therapy
 • Osmotic
IL-2 therapy, Diuretics ... CAR-T therapy ... #differential #diagnosis ... #algorithm #nephrology
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
*Chronic HFrEF may ... → no signs of CXR ... Dinitrate • Diuretics ... #management #cardiology ... #pharmacology #