1429 results
Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome
 • Urine Chloride
 • Urine Ca/Cr ratio

Dr. Krithika
Differentiating Gitelman syndrome ... from Bartter syndrome ... Chloride • Urine Ca ... #Gitelman #syndrome
Pathophysiology of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS)
Tumor Cell Lysis
-> Release of DNA
 • Purines -> Hypoxanthine /
of Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... Phosphorus -> Ca-Phos ... urine pH) • Ca-Phos ... #TumorLysis #Syndrome
Elevated Transaminases / Transaminitis - Differential Diagnosis

 • Infectious: HAV, HCV, HEV, EBV, HSV, CMV
 •
- often breast CA ... small cell lung CA ... Vascular: Budd-chiari syndrome ... Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Airways: 
 • Bronchitis
 • Bronchiectasis
 • Malignancy: Primary bronchogenic CA, Endobronchial
Primary bronchogenic CA ... Endobronchial metastatic CA ... Pneumonitis, GPA, Behcet syndrome ... Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
Puberty Onset (BA = CA ... Puberty Onset (BA < CA ... 21 • Noonan Syndrome ... • Prader-Willi Syndrome ... • Turner Syndrome
Recurrent / Breakthrough DVT During Anticoagulation

Subtherapeutic Anticoagulation
Hypercoagulable State 
 - Antithrombin deficiency 
 - Hypercoagulability ot
Hypercoagulability ot Ca ... - May-Thurner syndrome
Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS) Pathophysiology
Culprits: ALL, Burkitt, SCLC
Cells all die at once = ↑Phos, ↓Ca, ↑K,
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... once = ↑Phos, ↓Ca ... Arrhythmias ↑Phos -> ↓Ca ... #Tumor #Lysis #Syndrome
Tall Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Normal Growth (BA=CA)
 • Familial Tall Stature
 • XYY Syndrome
Obese BMI
Normal Growth (BA=CA ... Stature • XYY Syndrome ... Klinefelter's Syndrome ... • Soto's Syndrome ... • XYY Syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Pathophysiology Gitelman Syndrome ... Contraction → ↑ Renin ↑ Ca ... dr_missyhanna #Gitelman #Syndrome
Approach to ECGs - Syncope Syndromes
Electrolytes
 • ↑K - brady, peak T, wide QRS, no P,
ECGs - Syncope Syndromes ... , long P • ↑ Ca ... see below) • ↓ Ca ... mchlwng #Syncope #Syndromes