39 results
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... sterile pyuria, WBC casts ... proteinuria, granular casts ... Nephritis #AIN #Algorithm
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Negative urine dip ... Positive urine dip ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
Red blood cell casts ... Red blood cell casts ... Nephritic #Comparison #Table
Ely's Test for Rectus Femoris Tightness

Patient lies prone on the table. The examiner flexes the leg
Ely's Test for Rectus ... lies prone on the table ... buttock, if the hip ... test indicates rectus ... #Elys #Test #Rectus
Ely's Test for Rectus Femoris Tightness

Patient lies prone on the table. The examiner flexes the leg
Ely's Test for Rectus ... lies prone on the table ... buttock, if the hip ... test indicates rectus ... #Elys #Test #Rectus
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Epithelial cell casts ... Obstruction • Cast ... • Drugs • HIV ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Ulcerative Colitis vs Crohn's Disease - IBD Comparison Table
Ulcerative Collitis
 - Location
IBD Comparison Table ... Always affects rectum ... ileum • Most cases ... sparing of the rectum ... IBD #Comparison #Table
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
hematuria (RBC casts ... Syndrome #Comparison #Algorithm
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... #Differential #Algorithm
Ely's Test for Rectus Femoris Spasticity

Ely's Test assesses rectus femoris spasticity.
With the patient prone, the examiner
Ely's Test for Rectus ... Test assesses rectus ... #Elys #Test #Rectus ... Femoris #Spasticity #Hip