69 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... and Workup Step ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Differential Diagnosis of Acute Kidney Injury 

#Diagnosis #Nephrology #AKI #Acute #KidneyInjury #Causes #Differential #Workup #Algorithm #Ddxof
Differential Diagnosis of Acute ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology ... #AKI #Acute #KidneyInjury ... #Causes #Differential ... #Workup #Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... Abdominal Compartment Syndrome ... SCVMCMed #AKI #Acute ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes #algorithm
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... Cardiac failure #Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #nephrology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... > 30): SIADH, Medications ... diagnosis #sodium #nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... repeat testing • Acute ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Toxic: Alcohol, Medication ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... #neurology