43 results
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
Neurochemical abnormalities
 • Hyper-vigilance
 • Emotional hyper-arousal
 • Exaggerated startle reflex
 • Anxiety
startle reflex • Anxiety ... BehavioralDisorder #Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs #psychiatry
Diabetes Insipidus vs Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH (SIADH) - Comparison Table

Diabetes Insipidus - Inadequate ADH
SIADH -
Comparison #Table #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Pathogenesis of Anxiety Disorders

Anxiety Disorders: A maladaptive emotional state causing fear,
worry, and excessive stress, characterized by:
Pathogenesis of Anxiety ... Disorders Anxiety ... acid (GABA) #Anxiety ... #Disorders #Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #psychiatry
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Symptoms: Commonly no signs ... Bone/joint pain Psychiatric ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis ... #endocrinology ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Psychological Hypothesis
 • Cognitive behavioral model: Emotional disturbance arising from
maladaptive beliefs and anxiety ... Dysregulation of anxiety ... reduce obsessional anxiety ... PersonalityDisorder #Diagnosis ... #Psychiatry #Signs
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
overgrowth: • Carpal ... Overproduction #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
activates lipolysis Signs ... expansion (e.g. carpal ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Cushing Syndrome - Signs and Symptoms
Generalized: Weight gain, Slow healing of cuts, Increased risk of infections,
Cushing Syndrome - Signs ... Psychological: Depression, Anxiety ... Cushings #Syndrome #Signs ... #Symptoms #diagnosis ... #endocrinology
Hypothyroidism – symptoms and signs.

Symptoms: 
Tiredness/malaise, 
Weight gain,
Anorexia,
Cold intolerance, 
Poor memory,
Change in appearance, 
Depression, 
Poor libido,
– symptoms and signs ... , Deafness Signs ... peripheries, Carpal ... #Symptoms #Diagnosis ... #PhysicalExam #Endocrinology
Alcohol Use Disorder: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Tolerance (reduced sensitivity to effects of EtOH)
 •
, seizure, and anxiety ... AlcoholUseDisorder #EtOH #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms #Psychiatry