3536 results
Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize
 • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
in tone; severe cases ... encephalitis in severe cases ... occurs In severe cases ... cellulitis in severe cases ... peds #pediatrics #pathophysiology
Septic Arthritis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Notes:
- Septic Arthritis is typically monoarticular & the knee is involved
involved in >50% of cases ... S.A. can also be caused ... SepticArthritis #pathophysiology
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Caused by splanchnic ... Pathophysiology: ... Bland urine (no casts ... Exclude other AKI causes ... essential in all cases
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
countries (11-24 cases ... Americans (18-71 cases ... mortality: 9-14 cases ... sarcoidosis (1/3 of cases ... sarcoidosis (2/3 of cases
Urine Microscopy and Casts - Image Atlas Key

- Squamous Epithelial Casts
- Transitional Epithelial Cells
- Renal Tubular
Microscopy and Casts ... Squamous Epithelial Casts ... RBCs - Granular Casts ... Cast - Waxy Cast ... Urine #Microscopy #Casts
Venous Thrombosis vs Arterial Thrombosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

VENOUS THROMBOSIS

 • Acquired Risk Factors:
	- >48 hours
considered in all cases ... coagulation and other causes ... Venous #Arterial #pathophysiology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... Cast formation: ... Management #Summary #causes
Drugs Causing Acute Pancreatitis

Class Ia: The medications in which there was a rechallenge and other causes
out other common causes ... Class II: Cases ... repolted in more than cases ... Cases lack rechallenge ... #Pancreatitis #Causes
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy - Casts ... Acellular Casts ... • Hyaline Casts ... "Muddy Brown" Casts ... Cellular Casts:
Granular & “Muddy Brown” Casts on Urine Microscopy
A. Finely granular cast B. slightly coarser granular cast
“Muddy Brown” Casts ... Finely granular cast ... coarser granular cast ... of mb granular casts ... Granular #MuddyBrown #Casts