39 results
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
) Pathophysiology ... Activation of CD8 T cells ... • Clinical: fever ... lymphoma, B-cell ... Drugs, Unknown cause
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #pathophysiology
Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis: Pathogenesis and investigations
Risk Factors:
 - Unclear environmental triggers (may be viral, not
Giant Cell (Temporal ... HLA-DR4 mutation ... /Symptoms: - Fever ... Anemia - Giant cells ... Temporal #Arteritis #Pathophysiology
Hypersensitivity Types and Their Mechanisms
Type I - lgE - Soluble antigen
 - Allergen-specific lgE antibodies bind
, seasonal hay fever ... activation and cell ... - Red blood cell ... Hypersensitivity #Types #Classification ... #Pathophysiology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hereditary:
 • Peripheral blood smear + DAT + further History
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... History • Bite cells ... Recent travel/Fevers ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes
Hydroxyurea - Pathophysiology and Benefits in Sickle Cell Disease
 • Decreases number of pain crises (
Hydroxyurea - Pathophysiology ... Benefits in Sickle Cell ... number of pain crises ... (2.4 vs. 1) • Fewer ... Benefits #SickleCell #pathophysiology
Lymphomas and Lymphoproliferative Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hodgkin Lymphoma ~40% - Characteristic For Reed-Sternberg (RS) Cells
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... ~10% - B-Cell ... Lymphoproliferative #Disorders #Classification ... #pathophysiology ... #differential #algorithm
Causes of Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Neoplasm:
• NHL
• Hodgkin's lymphoma
• Leukemia
• Solid
Causes of Fever ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... nodosum • Giant cell ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes
Pathogenesis of Rheumatic Fever

Pathogenesis of rheumatic fever. 
1. GAS pharyngitis leads to antigenic presentation of pathogenic
Pathogenesis of Rheumatic Fever ... Pathogenesis of rheumatic fever ... antibodies which can cause ... #Rheumatic #Fever ... #Pathophysiology
Summary table of types of hypersensitivity reactions. 
Type 1
 - Mediators: lgE
 - Antigen Form: Soluble
Allergen-specific lgE causes ... mast-cell degranulation ... Anaphylaxis, Hay fever ... T-cells recruit ... allergy #table #classification