19 results
Management and Complications of Cirrhosis and Ascites

Ascites Workup Algorithm
Ascites Management
Refractory Ascites
Hyponatremia
Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP)
Hepatic Hydrothorax
AKI in
Management and Complications ... Ascites Ascites Workup ... Algorithm Ascites ... Refractory Ascites Hyponatremia ... Cirrhosis, HRS-AKI
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Syndrome of Inappropriate ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Syndrome of Inappropriate ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... and Workup Step ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Algorithm Hypertonic ... ON (UNa < 30): Hypovolemia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... Hypovolemia, UNa ... #Causes #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Renal Losses (AKI ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... table #sodium #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Workup Algorithm ... clinical context and signs ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... #Workup #Algorithm ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism
 • High
Hypocalcemia Workup ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... metastases, Hungry bone syndrome ... #Workup #Differential ... #nephrology #calcium