39 results
Tree in Bud Sign
The Tree-in-Bud sign represents Endobronchial spread in a linear branching pattern and centrilobular
It is caused by ... actually seen in all causes ... bacterial/viral/fungal ... diagnosis #clinical #radiology ... #ChestCT #pathophysiology
Congestive Heart Failure - Causes, Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
 • Dilated Cardiomyopathy 
 • Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Heart Failure - Causes ... , Pathophysiology ... • Other HFpEF Causes ... #Pathophysiology ... Differential #Diagnosis #cardiology
Fever - Pyrogen Pathophysiology

EXOGENOUS PYROGEN
 • Bacteria: Lipopolysaccharide components, peptidoglycans and muramyl peptide derivatives, Toxins
 •
Fever - Pyrogen Pathophysiology ... Lipopolysaccharide components ... stranded RNA • Fungi ... Mannan and glucan components ... Fever #Fever #Pathophysiology
Rigors And Bacteremia - Overview

• Rigors are a response to the release of cytokines and prostaglandins
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: ... Lipopolysaccharide components ... Double-stranded RNA • Fungi ... Mannan and glucan components ... Rigors #Bacteremia #Pathophysiology
Jugular Waveform Components 
 • a wave - due to atrial contraction: It occurs just before
Jugular Waveform Components ... • c wave - caused ... y descent - is caused ... #PhysicalExam #cardiology
Septic Arthritis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Notes:
- Septic Arthritis is typically monoarticular & the knee is involved
involved in >50% of cases ... S.A. can also be caused ... by, fungi, viruses ... SepticArthritis #pathophysiology
Causes of Pericardial Effusion - Differential Diagnosis
Infectious:
 • Viral: Enterovirus, Herpesvirus, Adenovirus, Parvovirus
 • Bacterial: Mycobacterium
Causes of Pericardial ... Coxiella burnetii • Fungal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #cardiology
Causes of Myocarditis
Infectious Etiologies:
 • Viral agents: Adenoviruses, Enteroviruses (coxsackievirus), Herpesviruses (human herpesvirus 6, Epstein—Barr virus),
Causes of Myocarditis ... Treponema pallidum • Fungal ... differential #diagnosis #cardiology ... #causes
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Diagnosis Algorithm Cause ... intoxication Cause ... Cl⁻ with other components ... ⁻ increase may cause ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology
Gonorrhea: Pathophysiology

 - Neonatal Transmission -> Direct contact of patient mucosa with mother's infected mucosa while
Gonorrhea: Pathophysiology ... mucosa Bacterial components ... antibodies and causes ... #Gonorrhea #Pathophysiology