17 results
Congestive Heart Failure - Causes, Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
 • Dilated Cardiomyopathy 
 • Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Congestive Heart ... Cardiomyopathy HFrEF ... #HeartFailure # ... Diagnosis #cardiology #HFrEF ... #HFpEF #CHF
Medications Used in Congestive Heart Failure

In CHF, the heart is failing as a pump; cardiac output
Heart Failure In CHF ... CHF also causes ... therapy in chronic CHF ... #Pharmacology #CHF ... #HeartFailure #
Stages in the development of HF and recommended therapy by stage. ACEI indicates angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor;
development of HF ... heart failure; HFpEF ... ejection fraction; HFrEF ... #CHF #Congestive ... #HeartFailure #
Pathophysiological mechanisms of diastolic heart failure HFpEF and possible therapeutic interventions.
Hypertension → Overload
Diabetes → Oxidative stress,
heart failure HFpEF ... → Pulmonary congestion ... , Peripheral congestion ... #diastolic #heartfailure ... #dchf #hfpef #pathophysiology
Traditionally, congestive heart failure has been classified according to severity of symptoms, first formulated by the
STAGES of CHF (A ... Stage D CHF is frequently ... flare ups that cause ... Diagnosis #Cardiology #CHF ... #Congestive #HeartFailure
Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Management Principles

General Therapeutic Principles:
Reduce the congestive state 
 - Caution
Principles: Reduce the congestive ... - May mimic HF ... Management #Cardiology #HFpEF ... #dCHF #Diastolic ... #Treatment #HeartFailure
STAGES of CHF (A, B, C, D), however, describe the severity of structural abnormalities that impair
STAGES of CHF (A ... Stage D CHF is frequently ... flare ups that cause ... Management #Cardiology #CHF ... #Congestive #HeartFailure
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
→ Inflammation causes ... endpoint of all-cause ... iron #deficiency #CHF ... #HFrEF #heartfailure
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Ejection Fraction (HFrEF ... x-ray: signs of congestion ... no signs of CXR congestion ... #heartfailure # ... #pharmacology #sCHF
Severe Heart Failure & Cardiogenic Shock - Management Checklist 
Evaluation 
 - EKG & echocardiography
, no pulmonary congestion ... systemic/pulmonary congestion ... milrinone) for HFrEF ... #Checklist #CHF ... #Cardiogenic #HeartFailure