11 results
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS) - Pathophysiology
Risk factors:
 - Low CD4 count
 - Disseminated OI
 -
Inflammatory Syndrome ... (IRIS) - Pathophysiology ... factors: - Low CD4 ... duration or OI treatment ... #Inflammatory #Syndrome
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Pathophysiology ... →Activation of CD8 ... that disrupts immune ... Others: Cellular immune ... #summary #rheumatology
Lymphomas and Lymphoproliferative Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hodgkin Lymphoma ~40% - Characteristic For Reed-Sternberg (RS) Cells
Responsive to Treatment ... Lymphoproliferative #Disorders #Classification ... #pathophysiology ... #Hematology #Diagnosis ... #NonHodgkin #differential
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia - Summary

Cancer affecting lymphocytes/Mature B cell neoplasm
 • Lymphocytes accumulate in large numbers
rendering the immune ... microglobulin Treatment ... • Richter’s Syndrome ... leukemia • Sezary syndrome ... workup #oncology #hematology
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
Immune Reconstitution ... Inflammatory Syndrome ... Leishmaniasis Differential ... #Inflammatory #Syndrome ... #Differential #
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... Triggers: ATRA treatment ... Pathophysiology ... initiation • Differential ... Renal Failure Treatment
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
Necrotizing, pauci-immune ... respiratory tracts Immune ... Lab Tests: • CBC ... #diagnosis #rheumatology ... #classification
Idiopathic CD4 Lymphopenia (ICL) / Lymphocytopenia 

DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR ICL
 • Persistent CD4 T-cell lymphopenia
 •
primary or secondary immune ... chemotherapy) • Genetic syndromes ... Common variable immune ... ICL #diagnosis #hematology ... #Differential #
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
Significance (IDUS) • Immune ... factor (GCSF) treatments ... blood count with differential ... marrow studies Treatment ... #diagnosis #hematology
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
Skin Disease Classification ... permanent alopecia Differential ... Non-autoimmune rheumatologic ... context of primary immune ... titers > 1:80 • CBC