11 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
, Acute spinal cord ... injury, Early ALS ... Eclampsia, Late ALS ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Horner's Syndrome on Physical Exam

A 75yoF was referred in for facial swelling and eyelid changes 1
Horner's Syndrome ... experience, the cause ... or induced by treatment ... decompress the spinal cord ... #physicalexam #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
- Emergency Causes ... Diagnosis: • Spinal cord ... spondylitis • Tethered cord ... axial T1 and T2 Treatment ... #neurology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... kidney tubular cells ... per day until stable ... Diagnosis #Management #causes ... #treatment #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... lung disease (COPD ... MDaniyalHashmi1 #AcidBase ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
multiple spinal cord ... - Causes progressive ... Escorial criteria uses ... diagnosis column Treatment ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Torsemide) • Acute pulmonary ... Kidney stones caused ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
with presence of pulmonary ... & Dry) is the treatment ... acute coronary syndrome ... the determined cause ... #table #foamed
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Weakness, cramping, nausea ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... Drives K+ into cells ... #potassium #nephrology
Evaluation of Recurrent Falls

Core Concept:
Maintaining an upright posture requires the integrated function of multiple systems.
Disruption in
Recurrent Falls Core ... cardiogenic) - Pulmonary ... ) - Spinal cord ... neuron disease (ALS ... Evaluation #Geriatrics #Neurology