9 results
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Asthma • COPD ... Pneumonia • ARDS • COPD ... #Dyspnea #SOB #
Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
 • Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma
Causes of Dyspnea ... Pulmonary/Chest ... Acute: Trauma, COPD ... : Asthma, COPD, ... : Tumor, Vocal cord
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
Diagnosis Framework ... - Asthma - COPD ... #sob #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #pulmonary
Chronic Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure Phenotypes
Pink Puffers (robust vent drive) ↑ their WOB when pulmonary mechanics gradually
Chronic Hypercapnic ... drive) ↑ their WOB ... the CO2 rise) → chronic ... Failure #Phenotypes #COPD ... #diagnosis
Pulmonary Hypertension Groups - WHO Classification
Group I - Vascular remodeling of pulmonary arteries
 • Idiopathic, HIV,
hypoxemia • COPD ... • Sarcoidosis, chronic ... activity worsens dyspnea ... markedly limited by dyspnea ... Classification #diagnosis
Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NIPPV)

Expiratory & Inspiratory Positive Airway Pressure
Both increase intrathoracic pressure, which can decrease
In COPD, decreases ... exacerbation (cardiogenic pulmonary ... edema) • COPD ... patients (ie., CHF or COPD ... , dyspnea NIPPV
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
• Hypoxia • Dyspnea ... obstruction • COPD ... Physical stigmata of cor ... parenchyma Diagnosis ... #differential #diagnosis
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acute or chronic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... lung disease (COPD ... #Diagnosis #Summary
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
common cause of dyspnea ... include asthma, chronic ... bronchitis, and COPD ... Breathing #Patterns #Pulmonary ... Abnormalities #Abnormal #Diagnosis