12 results
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
• Airways: - Asthma ... - COPD - Bronchiectasis ... : • Chest Wall ... - Obesity - Flail ... chest • Neuromuscular
Asthma vs COPD Presentation and Diagnosis
Asthma:
 • Epidemiology: Age usually < 45, History (personal or family)
Asthma vs COPD Presentation ... between attacks COPD ... Subxiphoid PMI • COPD ... #COPD #comparison ... #Diagnosis #pulmonary
Hypoxemia / Hypoxia - Rapid Response Management Algorithm

Stridor - Upper airway pathology:
 • Anaphylaxis
 • Foreign
Epiglottitis • Vocal cord ... pneumothorax, COPD ... /asthma • Pleural ... MG, ALS) • ↓ chest ... compliance (e.g., flail
Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
 • Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma
Chronic Causes of Dyspnea ... /Chest Wall: • ... Acute: Trauma, COPD ... , COPD, CTEPH, ILD ... : Tumor, Vocal cord
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea ... Obstruction • Asthma ... • COPD • Bronchiectasis ... Thickening/Masses Chest ... Pneumonia • ARDS • COPD
COPD Physical Exam Likelihood Ratios
Barrel Chest - LR 1.5
Pursed Lip Breathing - LR 2.7
Reduced breath sounds
COPD Physical Exam ... LR 11.8 Early inspiratory ... SatyaPatelMD #COPD ... #PhysicalExam # ... LRs #diagnosis #pulmonary
Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NIPPV)

Expiratory & Inspiratory Positive Airway Pressure
Both increase intrathoracic pressure, which can decrease
In COPD, decreases ... edema) • COPD ... patients (ie., CHF or COPD ... failure (ie.. asthma ... increased WOB, dyspnea
Stridor from Vocal Cord Paralysis on Physical Exam (Audio)

The video shows high-pitched noise (stridor) from vocal
Stridor from Vocal Cord ... stridor) from vocal cord ... question in acute dyspnea ... Stridor #Vocal #Cord ... #Paralysis #PhysicalExam
Chest Pain Diagnosis and Management Algorithm
STEMI:
 - Hx: Pressure like CP, Radiation to arm/jaw, CAD risk
Chest Pain Diagnosis ... Limb ischemia Pulmonary ... pleuritic CP, Dyspnea ... factors - PEX: Dyspnea ... , H/O COPD, asthma
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
disease, pleuritic chest ... common cause of dyspnea ... Causes include asthma ... bronchitis, and COPD ... Breathing #Patterns #Pulmonary