20 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... investigations abnormal ... investigations depending on clinical ... context and signs ... #nephrology #causes
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
Clinical manifestations ... Doppler US : halo sign ... efficacy of GCs Abnormal ... Ophthalmology #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
neurological lesion: Clinical ... and signs below ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... #neurology #differential ... #algorithm
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Pathogenesis and clinical ... Diffuse and focal arterial ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Pathogenesis and clinical ... Chondrodysplasia Neurologic ... Trendelenburg #Gait #pathophysiology ... #causes #symptoms ... #signs #diagnosis
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... renal failure Clinical ... are not caused ... ), liver (pain/abnormal ... #Management #Signs
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
pathognomonic signs ... /symptoms or echo ... high index of clinical ... : Serial negative ... in up to 30% of cases
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
combination of the clinical ... lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... - Causes progressive ... fasciculations Common Symptoms ... Lateral #Sclerosis #neurology
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
Pathogenesis and clinical ... congenital defects) -> Abnormal ... retinal edema caused ... ophthalmology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
• Caused by splanchnic ... Pathophysiology: ... Diagnosis (Clinical ... • Normal kidney ... Exclude other AKI causes