391 results
Hyperuricemia: Pathogenesis and Complications

 - Hypercalcemia (due to diseases like Sarcoidosis and Hyperparathyroidism) -> Accumulation of
Pathogenesis and Complications ... the nephron -> Decr ... rate (GFR) -> decr ... the nephron -> Decr ... Pathophysiology #Complications
Disc Herniations - Pathogenesis and Complications
• 90% of Lumbar disc herniations happen at L4/5 and L5/S1
•
Pathogenesis and Complications ... (dehydration) decr ... DiscHerniations #complications
Ankylosing Spondylitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical findings
 • Pain in lumbar area and gluteal region: (Dull, insidious
tuberosity • Decr ... spine flexion, Decr ... column) • Late complication
Keratoconus: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Genetics
 • Family history of keratoconus
 • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
 • Down, Turner,
Proteolytic enzymes • Decr ... ICAM-I, VCAM-I) • Decr ... Anti-inflammatorymarkers (IL-I O) • Decr ... Signs / Symptoms / Complications
Osteoarthritis (OA): Clinical findings
 • Stimulation of joint nociceptors in subchondral bone -> Pain with loading
Pain with motion, Decr ... signs #symptoms #complications
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations

 • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
arterioles and veins (decr ... endothelium) & Decr ... signs #symptoms #complications
Prader-Willi Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Maternal uniparental disomy: inheriting 2 copies of maternal chromosome
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... Infertility • Decr
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... Hypoglycemia • Early: decr ... non-arousable, decr
Boutonniere Deformity: Pathogenesis and Complications
 • Hyperextension of DIP
 • Flexion of PIP
=> Boutonniere Deformity =>
Pathogenesis and Complications ... deformity • Decr
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... to 4-5L dry) - (Decr