355 results
Feedback Loop: Prolactin (PRL)
 • PRL levels exhibit diurnal, menstrual, and age-related variation
 • TRH has
Hypothalamus -> Decr ... GnRH secretion -> Decr ... FSH/LH -> Decr ... Limbic System -> Decr ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
• Headache • Decr ... confrontation • Decr ... Valvular damage • decr ... signs #symptoms #endocrinology
Primary Hyperthyroidism - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Note: Although rare, gestational diseases can lead to thyrotoxicosis due
over thyroid - Decr ... Hyperthyroidism #endocrinology
Graves’ Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
B & T lymphocyte mediated autoimmunity attack TSH receptor -> Continuous
conjunctivitis - Decr ... pathophysiology #endocin #endocrinology
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
stature - Decr ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
Hypoglycemia • Early: decr ... non-arousable, decr ... pathophysiology #genetics #endocrinology
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: Ovarian Cycle – Follicular Phase Explained
Early Follicular Phase (Days 0-5)
 • Granulosa cells
cells, and 3) Decr ... and that inhibin decr ... Inhibin 1) Decr ... FollicularPhase #endocrinology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
to 4-5L dry) - (Decr ... pathophysiology #endocrinology
Benzodiazepines: Mechanism of Action and Side Effects
 • Decr spinal cord activity -> Muscle relaxant
Side Effects • Decr ... relaxant • Decr ... fear, Decr panic ... and Decr phobia ... • Decr cerebral
Cardiac Maneuvers and Effects on Murmurs

Valsalva Standing - Decr BIood Return to LV
Laying Down, Squatting, Straight
Valsalva Standing - Decr ... Amyl Nitrate - Decr ... Afterload Post PVC - Decr