18 results
Water Deprivation Test - Differential Diagnosis of Diabetes Insipidus (DI)
Concept of WDT: endogenous vasopressin secretion is
Diabetes Insipidus (DI ... Diabetes #Insipidus #DI
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
hypernatremia - DI ... Central Dl, Partial DI ... , Gestational DI ... , Nephrogenic DI
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Solute Diuresis
 • Na intake/saline
 • Glucosuria: Hyperglycemia, SGLT-2 inhibitors
 • Urea: Exogenous
Polydipsia • Central DI
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
nephrology #insipidus #DI
Hypernatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm
Step 1: Consider history. Most patients presenting with hypernatremia are either very
If patient has DI
Central vs Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus - Desmopressin Challenge
Give desmopressin (intranasal, SQ, IV) and monitor UOsm every
Diabetes #Insipidus #DI
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
• Nephrogenic DI
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
of cysteine and di-basic
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
urine osm (in DI
Two-step Copeptin algorithm for differential diagnosis of Diabetes Insipidus (DI)

Baseline Copeptin < 21.4 pmol/L:
 • Arginine-stimulated
Diabetes Insipidus (DI ... partial Central DI ... → Nephrogenic DI ... Diabetes #Insipidus #DI