28 results
A 37-year-old woman initially presented with pancytopenia and found to have leukopenia (2.1 × 103/μL) with
abundant cytoplasmic granules ... She was diagnosed ... promyelocytic leukemia (APL ... decreased secondary granules ... Rods #AuerRods #APL
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
- Differential Diagnosis ... Under-excretion • Lower ... Myeloid Leukemia (AML ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #endocrinology
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
Leukemias Overview: ALL ... , CML, AML, APML ... age • 75% of ALL ... distinctive primary granules ... Hematology #Oncology #Diagnosis
Diagnosis Adrenal Insufficiency - Algorithm

Step 1) Screening Test: 6-8AM Cortisol Level
 - Early morning cortisol levels
Diagnosis Adrenal ... excludes AI in almost all ... If it is lower, ... you have diagnosed ... #Stimulation #Endocrinology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Red cell casts - Diagnostic ... to 3 per high-power ... normal; >3 per high-power ... renal disease • Granular ... Microscopy #Atlas #key #diagnosis
Echocardiography
Right ventricular function can be assessed using several methods and echocardiography is generally the first‐line tool
currently recommended lower ... change (with a lower ... predictive of all‐cause ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Adrenal Incidentalomas: Hormone Evaluation
 • Zona Glomerulosa: Primary Hyperaldosteronism?
    - Aldosterone and renin
dexamethasone test for all ... metanephrines for all ... Hormone #Evaluation #Diagnosis ... #workup #endocrinology
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis and Management
PTH Independent (↑ PTH)
 • LOW VIT D
    -
Hypocalcemia - Diagnosis ... - Autoimmune: APS ... #Hypocalcemia #Diagnosis ... #Management #endocrinology
SGLT2 Inhibitors - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Inhibits SGLT2 (sodium/glucose cotransporter 2) in the proximal tubule,
heart disease • All ... Canagliflozin ↑ risk of lower ... DM2 #diabetes #endocrinology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
33,000-100,000 ppl ... 1.5-3.4 million ppl ... Differential Diagnosis ... Inspection - lower ... #differential #diagnosis