22 results
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
Summary of Diuretic ... Chlorthalidone POTASSIUM-SPARING ... Tolvaptan #Diuretics ... #Medications #Pharmacology ... #summary #table
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
Diuretics sites ... Thiazides-type diuretics ... Metolazone) 5) Potassium-sparing ... diuretics (e.g. ... #pharmacology #
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Transcellular Shift ... Transcellular shifts ... • Discontinued diuretic ... nephrology #low #potassium
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
minutes) Decrease potassium ... • IV Fluids Shift ... potassium intracellularly ... Sodium bicarbonate Potassium ... function) - Loop diuretic
Diuretics - summary table
Thiazides and Related Diuretics: HCTZ, Chlorthalidone, Metolazone, Indapamide, Bendroflumethiazide 
Loop Diuretics: Furosemide, Ethacrynic
Diuretics - summary ... Thiazides and Related Diuretics ... Bendroflumethiazide Loop Diuretics ... Eplerenone #diuretics ... #loop #pharmacology
Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Diuretics - Pharmacology ... Thiazides diuretics ... Piretanide Potassium ... sparing diuretics ... #Pharmacology #
Sulfonylureas - Pharmacology Summary
Mechanisms of Action: Binds to the ATP-sensitive potassium channel in pancreatic beta cells,
Sulfonylureas - Pharmacology ... Summary Mechanisms ... ATP-sensitive potassium ... Sulfonylureas #Pharmacology ... #Summary #DM2 #
Antiarrhythmic Medications - Vaughan Williams Classification - Summary Table
Class I agents - Sodium Channel Blockers⠀
Class II
Classification - Summary ... Class III agents - Potassium ... Classification #Summary ... #Table #pharmacology
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Increased EC shift ... pathophysiology #pharmacology ... #potassium #medications
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... creatinine) • Cell shift ... Urine Cl - Loop diuretics ... , Thiazide diuretics ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium