27 results
Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA)
ANA or Anti-NucIear Antibody refers to antibodies against antigens in the nucleus → like
technique used to detect ... context of other symptoms ... SLE), Sjogren's Syndrome ... Arthritis, Sjögren Syndrome ... #diagnosis #differential
ANA Patterns and Associated Rheumatic Diseases:
 • Homogeneous: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Mixed connective tissue disease
Associated Rheumatic Diseases ... connective tissue disease ... SLE), Sjogren's Syndrome ... #Antinuclear #Antibodies ... #diagnosis #differential
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus - Diagnosis
Manifestations:
 - Arthritis 69%
 - Malar rash 40%
 - Fever 36%
 -
SLE-Related Auto-Antibodies ... autoantibodies #signs ... #symptoms #mimickers ... #differential # ... rheumatology
Kawasaki Disease (Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome) 
An rare systemic acute febrile vasculitic syndrome. Aetiology unknown. 
Affects
Kawasaki Disease ... Affects children ... #Features #Signs ... #Symptoms #Diagnosis ... #Peds #Pediatrics
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Restrictive lung defect ... Demyelinating syndromes ... pain (20%) Renal disease ... erythematosus #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
) - HELLP syndrome ... Hemolytic uremic syndrome ... usually IgG) (e.g. lupus ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
permanent alopecia Differential ... Malignancy (e.g. hematologic ... : • Symptoms limited ... 1, SCL-70, RNP antibodies ... anticardiolipin antibodies
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
(AQP4-lgG disease ... Motor and sensory deficits ... disorders (Systemic lupus ... diagnosis #neurology #symptoms ... #signs
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Sensitive Antibodies ... Donath-Landsteiner Antibodies ... Cold Agglutinin Syndrome ... younger pts) Differential ... hemolytic #anemia #hematology
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
vasculitis) - Affects ... such as systemic lupus ... Presentation - Systemic Symptoms ... purpura: strong sign ... C-ANCA) pattern: antibodies