21 results
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... , Salt-losing deficiency ... Cardiac failure #Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
treat underlying cause ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... Pulmonary Diseases ... Glucocorticoid Deficiency ... Algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Wall-eyed bilateral inter nuclear ophthalmoplegia (WEBINO) Syndrome

In this specific case, the lesion is bilaterally in the
Wall-eyed bilateral ... ophthalmoplegia (WEBINO) Syndrome ... this specific case ... ophthalmoplegia #WEBINO #Neurology ... #Clinical #Video
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... adenoma/ bilateral ... -ß hydroxylase deficiency ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... of hypotonic hyponatremia ... mineralocorticoid deficiency ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... table #sodium #nephrology
Bilateral tonic pupils observed in the patient with Ross syndrome. 
Absence of bilateral pupillary contraction despite
patient with Ross syndrome ... pupils #clinical #video ... #ophthalmology ... #ross #syndrome ... #neurology #absent
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
Causes of spinal ... Vitamin B12, Copper deficiency ... involved - Bilateral ... (more commonly bilateral ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
dissociaton; • Usually unilateral ... Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... dissociation • Other causes ... #PhysicalExam #neurology ... #ophthalmology