181 results
diagnosis differential causes algorithm neurology radiology management clinical mri orthopedics hypokalemia syndromes low metabolic treatment xray fracture central hyponatremia kidney
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Algorithm Extra-renal ... SAME, Cushing Syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrom ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Central Cord Syndromes - Anterior Cord Syndrome - Central Cord Syndrome - Brown Sequard Syndrome #CentralCord #Syndromes
Central Cord Syndromes ... - Central Cord ... Sequard Syndrome ... #Anterior #Central ... #BrownSequard #Neurology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Chloride depletion syndromes • Gastrointestinal losses -
Chloride depletion syndromes ... villous adenomas • Renal ... • Liddle syndrome ... • Severe potassium ... depletion (serum potassium
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm Decreased renal potassium excretion • Acute renal failure • Chronic renal failure • Drugs Increased
potassium excretion ... Drugs Increased potassium ... (oral/iv) • Potassium-rich ... Diagnosis #algorithm #nephrology ... #potassium #differential
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
Localization of Renal ... Defects Fanconi Syndrome ... tubule Bartter Syndrome ... : Distal convoluted ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... suggests extra-renal ... Proximal RTA, Distal ... #differential #potassium ... #nephrology #low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation • Erythropoiesis
• Refeeding syndrome ... Medications Renal ... Losses Non-renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
gastrointestinal K loss • Renal ... hypokalemia • Renal ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... algorithm #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options Stabilize cardiac membrane: • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes) Decrease potassium concentration: • IV Fluids Shift
minutes) Decrease potassium ... Fluids Shift potassium ... Sodium bicarbonate Potassium ... (if preserved renal ... #nephrology
Potassium Electrolyte Repletion If patient also has hypomagnesemia, replete magnesium before repleting potassium Oral: • Pills (ask pharmacy
Potassium Electrolyte ... before repleting potassium ... Oral: • Pills (ask ... 10 mEq/hr) • Central ... SatyaPatelMD #Potassium
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