21 results
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... plasma insulin (treatment ... , Osmotic diuresis ... or induced) #Hypokalemia ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Hypovolemia ... Renal losses, Diuretic ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #nephrology
Algorithm for Management of Acute and Chronic Hyperkalemia
Acute Hyperkalemia:
 - IV calcium (10 mL of 10%)
Hyperkalemia: ... bicarbonate, Diuretics ... ) - Effective diuretic ... therapy (loop diuretics ... #treatment #nephrology
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
associated with hypokalemia ... hypomagnesemia Hypokalemia ... foscarnet - Diuretics ... and other loop diuretics ... #nephrology #Causes
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
loss (diuretics ... deficiency, Post-AKI diuresis ... can be high or ... (AKI, Post-AKI diuresis ... #nephrology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
ON (UNa < 30): Hypovolemia ... > 30): SIADH, Medications ... (diuretics), Hypothyroidism ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
; High-Ceiling Diuretics ... • Hypercalcemia ... Kidney stones caused ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
: • Hypovolemia ... : Diuretics/Nephropathies ... polydipsia • Hypervolemia ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... contracted • Loop diuretics ... syndrome • Thiazide diuretics ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics ... Gitelman's syndrome #Hypokalemia ... #Algorithm #nephrology