22 results
differential hyponatremia hypernatremia potassium high hyperkalemia hypokalemia workup hypomagnesemia hypomg low polyuria alkalosis chloride drugs excretion features hypotonic k magnesium
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Inadequate water intake: • Lack of access to water Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... concentrating defect: • Diuretics ... • Osmotic diuresis ... #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
hypernatremia - Osmotic diuretic ... , Loop diuretics ... Postobstructive diuresis ... #Comparison #Table ... #Nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... Kidney stones caused ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism Decreased GI Uptake - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Loop and thiazide diuretics ... Hypokalemia - Osmotic diuresis ... Post-obstructive diuresis ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Urine Output > 3L /day Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg) • Primary
3L /day Water Diuresis ... Insipidus Mixed Diuresis ... Failure Solute Diuresis ... #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Workup Algorithm ... • Hypovolemic: Diuretics ... osmotic (solute) diuresis ... • Euvolemic: Diabetes ... #nephrology #sodium
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Renal losses, Diuretic ... Ketonuria, Osmotic diuresis ... , UNa < 20 • Nephrotic ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
loss (diuretics ... deficiency, Post-AKI diuresis ... (AKI, Post-AKI diuresis ... #table #sodium ... #nephrology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... > 30): SIADH, Medications ... (diuretics), Hypothyroidism ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L High
water loss, Serum Sodium ... administration • Osmotic diuresis ... 300 mmol/kg • Diabetes ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
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