10 results
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
to Hypotonic Hyponatremia ... normal volume-based algorithm ... syndrome) • ADH ... #Hypotonic #Hyponatremia ... #nephrology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Algorithm Hypertonic ... syndrome - ... polydipsia, Low ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
• Hypovolemia: Diuretics ... Syndrome, Chronic ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Algorithm Syndrome ... Euvolemic; no physiologic ... especially thiazide diuretics ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Algorithm Syndrome ... Euvolemic; no physiologic ... especially thiazide diuretics ... Cirrhosis • Nephrotic ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Hypothyroidism, Low ... failure, Cirrhosis, Nephrotic ... syndrome • Urine ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diagnosis of ... disease, and nephrotic ... syndromeHyponatremia ... • Hypercalcemia ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... differentiating kidney ... Alkalosis: Emesis, Diuretics ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary ... Chloride Algorithm ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... #nephrology #differential ... #diagnosis
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
radiocontrast, hypertonic ... Drug-associated: heparin, low-molecular-weight ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... High #Potassium #Classification