19 results
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
• Refeeding Syndrome ... Acute Respiratory Alkalosis ... • Hypokalemia ... Increased Excretion - Renal ... Osteomalacia • Fanconi Syndrome
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
and metabolic alkalosis ... Cerebral salt wasting syndrome ... Stress, Drugs, Syndrome ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... #Causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Transcellular Shift: • Alkalosis ... • Refeeding syndrome ... #nephrology #low
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Decreased intake/absorption: Starvation, Alcoholism, Malabsorption, Phosphate binder use
 • Redistribution/
Hypophosphatemia ... depletion: Respiratory alkalosis ... ), Hungry bone syndrome ... • Renal losses ... #causes #nephrology
Cancer agents and Electrolyte Disorders
 • Hypocalcemia: Cisplatin from Low Mg, Cetuximab- due to low Mg
Axitinib,
Regorafenib • Hypophosphatemia ... Ifosfamide - Fanconi syndrome ... Ifosfamide - Fanconi syndrome ... #chemotherapy #diagnosis ... #differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Syndrome of Inappropriate ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... GI losses • Renal ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Syndrome of Inappropriate ... • Drugs • Pulmonary ... GI losses • Renal ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... #Nephrology #Differential
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Glucose, Acute resp. alkalosis ... , Hungry bone syndrome ... Tumor genesis syndrome ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... FGF-23: Fanconi syndrome
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... diuresis, Bartter's syndrome ... use), Gitelman's syndrome ... excess and related syndromes ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
suggests extra-renal ... ↓ Aldosterone: Syndrome ... excess, Liddle's syndrome ... Diuretics, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome