9 results
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #diagnosis #differential ... #algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Beer Potomania - Low ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... #Nephrology #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Then, ask 3 questions ... the underlying cause ... administered (through a peripheral ... #Differential # ... Treatment #management #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... can be high or low ... Primary polydipsia), Low ... #differential # ... table #sodium #nephrology
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
unilateral; • Slow ... Young females Differential ... no light-near dissociation ... • Other causes ... #PhysicalExam #neurology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... #Differential # ... Algorithm #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low
Causes of Myoclonus - Differential Diagnosis
LOCALIZATION:
 • Cortical: Focal/multifocal: Distal UL+ Face, Action/sensitive induced
 • Sub-Cortical:
Causes of Myoclonus ... - Differential ... sensitive stimulus • Peripheral ... Inflammatory (MS ... #neurology
Evaluation of Recurrent Falls

Core Concept:
Maintaining an upright posture requires the integrated function of multiple systems.
Disruption in
Retinopathy • Clues ... Examples: - Peripheral ... muscle wasting, slow ... Falls #Diagnosis #Differential ... Evaluation #Geriatrics #Neurology