114 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
- Diuretics ... tubular acidosis (Types ... and 2, but not type ... Diagnosis #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
Diuretics sites ... ) 4) Thiazides-type ... diuretics (e.g. ... Metolazone) 5) Potassium-sparing ... diuretics (e.g.
Antiarrhythmic Drugs

CLASS IA
 • Procainamide, Quinidine, Disopyramide
CLASS 1B
 • Lidocaine, Mexiletine
CLASS 2
 • Propranolol, Esmolol
CLASS 4
Antiarrhythmic Drugs CLASS ... Disopyramide CLASS ... Adenosine, Magnesium, Potassium ... #Medications #Classes ... #Classification
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... Loop and thiazide diuretics ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium
Lupus Nephritis Classification Algorithm

#Lupus #Nephritis #Classification #Algorithm #diagnosis #differential #types #rheumatology #nephrology #renal
Lupus Nephritis Classification ... Algorithm #Lupus ... #Nephritis #Classification ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #differential #types
Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Diuretics - Pharmacology ... Thiazides diuretics ... Piretanide Potassium ... sparing diuretics ... loop #thiazide #classes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... : • GI losses ... • Discontinued diuretic ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... nephrology #low #potassium
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... tubular acidosis (type ... Post-hypercapnia • Diuretics ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm ... #potassium
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm ... Decreased renal potassium ... Drugs • PHA type ... l/type 2 • Type ... Hyperkalemia #Diagnosis #algorithm
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Excessive GI losses ... Loop and thiazide diuretics ... Post-obstructive diuresis ... Magnesium #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup