18 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
hematuria + clots ➔ Lower ... Urinary tract source ... decompression • Diverticulum ... (Upper and Lower ... urinary tract)
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
AKI) What to ask ... /Cr - Renal/bladder ... rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... pre-renal) - Urinary ... Atheroemboli — 1% #AcuteKidneyInjury
Lower Urinary Tract Infections: Complications
 - Infection damages the urinary tract epithelium causing fibroblast proliferation and
Lower Urinary Tract ... Infection of the lower ... extends above the bladder ... urea which may cause ... UrinaryTractInfection #LUTI #Pathophysiology
Lower Urinary Tract Infection: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

- Predisposing Factors:  Immunocompromised state, diabetes, elderly, female
Lower Urinary Tract ... obstruction, neurogenic bladder ... epithelium -> Lower ... : Infection of bladder ... UrinaryTractInfection #LUTI #Pathophysiology
Increased Urinary Frequency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Non-increased urine volume (<2mL/min), Rule out polyuria
Extrinsic to Urinary Tract:
Vulvovaginitis • Bladder ... Small Volume Bladder ... • Overactive Bladder ... • Diabetes • MS ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Urinary Tract Obstruction - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Upper Tract - Bladder NOT distended on ultrasound,
Causes of Urinary ... Upper Tract - Bladder ... junction obstruction Lower ... , nocturia - Bladder ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Pelvic Organ Prolapse - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Herniation of one or more pelvic organs
Risk factors:
Causes of Pelvic ... vagina," possible lower ... vault prolapse Bladder ... - Slow urinary ... incontinence, bladder
Upper Urinary Tract infection (UUTI): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Predisposing Factors:
 - Immunocompromised, Diabetes,
 - Elderly, Female
Upper Urinary Tract ... obstruction, neurogenic bladder ... accumulation Lower ... ascend ureters from lower ... UrinaryTractInfection #UUTI #Pathophysiology
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
Overfilling of the bladder ... BPH, urethral or bladder ... mellitus -> Bladder ... SUI or UUI not caused ... Incontinence #Mixed #Pathophysiology
Pediatric Causes of Abdominal Pain

Surgical:
 - Acute appendicitis 
 - Intestinal obstruction including intussusception 
 -
Pediatric Causes ... Inflamed Meckel diverticulum ... Gastroenteritis - Urinary ... tract: • urinary ... infection - Lower