20 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... and Workup Step ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Hypervolemic: Conn syndrome ... , Cushing syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
Acute Kidney Injury ... sinusoidal obstructive syndrome ... Capillary leak syndrome ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... Classification #Nephrology
Causes of Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infantile:
 • Benign Focal Epilepsy of Infancy
 • West
Infancy • West Syndrome ... • Dravet Syndrome ... Lennox Gastaut Syndrome ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Structural: • Head Injury
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... Abdominal compartment syndrome ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... Acute #Kidney #Injury
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
vasoconstriction syndrome ... Traumatic brain injury ... Hyperglycemia, Hyponatremia ... Algorithm #Causes #neurology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Shift: Refeeding Syndrome ... Tumor Genesis Syndrome ... FGF23: Fanconi Syndrome ... (MM, lymphoma, cancer ... #phosphorus #workup
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Compartment syndrome ... Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... or compartment syndrome ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
of Acute Kidney Injury ... inhibitors, hepatorenal syndrome ... fibrosis, cervical cancer ... Acute Tubular Injury ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Oncologic Emergencies - Differential Diagnosis Framework

HEMATOLOGIC ONCOLOGIC EMERGENCIES:
Hyperviscosity Syndrome:
 • Spontaneous bleeding
 • Shortness of breath
Hyperviscosity Syndrome ... of breath • Neurologic ... Superior Vena Cava Syndrome ... : Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... coma SIADH: • Hyponatremia