12 results
Phosphate Binders - Pros and Cons

Calcium carbonate (TumsTM) 
 - Most inexpensive, antacid properties useful for
, no metabolic acidosis ... Low pill burden. ... #Table #Comparison ... #Pharmacology # ... Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... • Metabolic acidosis ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
- Differential Diagnosis ... Mineralocorticoid excess - Renal ... tubular acidosis ... #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison

Composition of LR:
 • Sodium 130 mEq/L
 •
Lactated Ringers ... 130 mEq/L • Potassium ... filtration - Renal ... blood flow and ... NS #comparison #pharmacology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential Diagnosis ... of hypokalemia starts ... tubular acidosis ... algorithm #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
suggests extra-renal ... consumption • Low ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #nephrology #low
Characteristics of Commonly Used Phosphate Binders 
Aluminum 
 - Potent and effective 
 - Useful for
Used Phosphate Binders ... - Useful for short ... #Table #Comparison ... #Pharmacology # ... Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
tourniquet / IVF line draw ... Elimination (see Table ... ) • Low K diet ... Management #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K
Hypokalemia Diagnostic Algorithm
To assess potassium excretion: perform 24-hour urine collection or alternatively obtain potassium-to-creatinine ratio on
Hypokalemia Diagnostic ... ratio on a spot ... values suggest renal ... Algorithm #TTKG #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... fluid/Lactated ringers ... Monitor potassium ... per day until stable ... causes #treatment #nephrology