20 results
Phosphate Binders - Pros and Cons

Calcium carbonate (TumsTM) 
 - Most inexpensive, antacid properties useful for
, no metabolic acidosis ... Low pill burden. ... #Table #Comparison ... #Pharmacology # ... Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... • Metabolic acidosis ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... #nephrology
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... associated with short ... bowel syndrome ... GOLDMARK #mnemonic #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
- Differential Diagnosis ... Antacids, Phosphorus binders ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... • Normal or Low ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential Diagnosis ... of hypokalemia starts ... hypokalemia • Renal ... tubular acidosis ... algorithm #causes #nephrology
Characteristics of Commonly Used Phosphate Binders 
Aluminum 
 - Potent and effective 
 - Useful for
Used Phosphate Binders ... - Useful for short ... #Table #Comparison ... #Pharmacology # ... Nephrology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Epithelial Cells Renal ... tubular acidosis ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Table
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
suggests extra-renal ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
- Differential Diagnosis ... D D-lactate (short ... bowel syndrome, ... Interpretation #Diagnosis ... #Summary #Nephrology
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
- Differential Diagnosis ... Diuretic use - Renal ... seen • Lactic acidosis ... : - Impaired short-term ... #Differential #Diagnosis