16 results
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
- Differential Diagnosis ... vasoconstriction (e.g ... thromboembolism, renal ... AIN) • Drugs (e.g ... #nephrology
Shock and Vasoactive Drugs 
1) Determine type and etiology of shock
 • Distributive: Sepsis, Anaphylaxis, Neurogenic
rupture, VSD, etc ... Pericardial tamponade, Pulmonary ... #inopressors #diagnosis ... #management #comparison ... #table
Main types of autoimmune encephalitis in the ICU. 
Anti-NMDAR anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor, ADEM acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, Anti-GFAP
receptor, ADEM acute ... resonance imaging, EEG ... #encephalitis #comparison ... #table #neurology ... #diagnosis
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Polyneuropathy, Acute ... stroke, Acute spinal ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #neurology
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Metabolic • Renal ... Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary ... Disease Neurologic ... Myasthenia Gravis Pharmacologic ... • Drug Abuse (e.g
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
- Differential Diagnosis ... concentration (e.g ... Recovery from Acute ... Renal Failure, ... #Polyuria #Nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
suggestive of acute ... colored compounds (e.g ... heme, bilirubin, etc ... Urine #Microscopy #nephrology ... interpretation #diagnosis
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... with previously stable ... risk factors (eg ... hypertension (eg ... hypertension (eg
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... pulmonary edema ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology # ... Medications #Table
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary ... etc) • CNS -> ... Impairment: • Acute ... electromyographic (EMG ... #neurology