42 results
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
suggestive of acute ... in a variety of acute ... colored compounds (e.g ... heme, bilirubin, etc ... Urine #Microscopy #nephrology
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Simplified Approach to Acute ... dialysis indication (e.g ... Nephrotoxic drugs (e.g ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... AKI - Differential ... vasoconstriction (e.g ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #nephrology
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Polyneuropathy, Acute ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Pulmonary Embolism on ECG 

Mid 30's female with chest pain/dyspnea.  Triage EKG (no prior).
on ECG Mid ... Triage EKG (no prior ... Differential/diagnosis ... seen in 34% of cases ... #Embolism #ECG
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
- Malignancy (e.g ... CNS pathology (e.g ... pathology (e.g. ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Causes of Peripheral Edema - Differential Diagnosis
Increased Hydrostatic Pressure
 • Volume Expansion: Kidney failure, Pregnancy, Medication
Causes of Peripheral ... Medication side effect (e.g ... prednisone, NSAIDs), Acute ... Heart failure, Pulmonary ... • Filariasis (e.g
Diffuse Acute Abdominal Pain (<72 hours) - Differential Diagnostic Algorithm
Look for surgical abdomen
Upper quadrant: R/O cardiac,
Diffuse Acute Abdominal ... (<72 hours) - Differential ... : R/O cardiac, pulmonary ... musculoskeletal causes ... Metabolic disease (e.g
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... - Differential ... sediment - WBC/RBC casts ... Protein deposition (eg ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Acute and Chronic Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis
Pulmonary/Chest Wall:
 • Acute: Trauma, COPD exacerbation, Asthma
Causes of Dyspnea ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Pulmonary ... Neuromuscular disease (eg ... Metabolic acidosis (eg