17 results
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... PCR 50% sensitive ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... Diagnosis of Macroscopic ... suggest intrinsic renal ... disease - Timing ... #EM #IM #Urology
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
• Inflammatory disease ... Urethral stricture/valves ... /phimosis #Diagnosis ... Postrenal #Failure #Differential ... #Nephrology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Kidney Injury AKI - Differential ... Diagnosis HEMODYNAMIC ... thromboembolism, renal ... : Disease process ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... Acquired - Primary renal ... Diabetes #Insipidus #Classification ... #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) 
 - Loss of kidney function over a short period of tirne
of glomerular disease ... staining on IF • No EM ... Glomerulonephritis #RPGN #Classification ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Nephrology
Drug Induced Kidney Injury
 • Pre-Renal: NSAIDS, CNI, ACEI/ARB, IL-2 therapy, Diuretics CAR-T therapy
 • Osmotic
Injury • Pre-Renal ... • Glomerular Disease ... #KidneyInjury #differential ... #diagnosis #algorithm ... #nephrology #Medications
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
LC deposition disease ... gammopathy of renal ... Cancer #Oncology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Classification ... #Nephrology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Demyelinating disease ... #Infections #differential ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
(Dense deposit disease ... immune deposits on EM ... Glomerulonephritis #MPGN #nephrology ... #diagnosis #renal