26 results
Hyponatremia Correction
1. Indications for Hypertonic Saline: seizure, coma, focal findings
   - typically occurs with
100-110 - Symptoms ... Demyelination Syndrome ... Dextrose in water @ 3cc ... MH/CCF/CWRU EM ... rate #management #nephrology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
/ AIDS - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... CNS #Infections #differential ... #diagnosis #AIDS ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
, HBV, Sjogren's ... immune deposits on EM ... anti-phospholipid syndrome ... Glomerulonephritis #MPGN #nephrology ... #diagnosis #renal
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
conjunction with symptoms ... pachymeningitis • HIV ... #neurology #noninflammatory ... #differential # ... diagnosis
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
Diagnosis Algorithm ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... history of cancer, HIV ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... #neurology #PHANTOMS
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
lumbar spine • MCC ... spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... Diagnosis: • ... cord infarct • HIV ... #neurology
Rhombencephalitis
BACTERIAL
- Listeria (biphasic illness with bulbar dysfunction occurring later)
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- Pneumococcus
- Brucella
- Borrelia (Lyme Disease)
-
Herpes Viruses (HSV ... (bulbar symptoms ... Rhombencephalitis #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Neurology
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) 
 - Loss of kidney function over a short period of tirne
autoAb against type IV ... staining on IF • No EM ... Classification #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Differentiation Syndrome in APML
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: common in APL (2-48% depending on the study)
 • Triggers:
Differentiation Syndrome ... ATRA treatment Pathophysiology ... : >3 symptoms, or ... initiation • Differential ... fluid overload, PCC
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... (IRIS): • In HIV ... #Tuberculosis #diagnosis ... #differential # ... TB #neurology