13 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... Hypovolemic (H2O loss): GI ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Diagnosis and Workup ... Repeat the sodium ... volume loss - diarrhea ... Hypernatremia #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypophosphatemia Diagnostic Algorithm
- GI Losses
- Redistribution
- 1° HPT
- 1° Renal PO4 wasting: Hereditary, TIO, Fanconi Syndrome,
- GI Losses - Redistribution ... - 1° HPT - 1° Renal ... by Dr Zalman Agus ... #differential # ... nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... losses: • GI ... losses (NG suction, diarrhea ... #nephrology #low
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Diagnosis Algorithm ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... access to water GI ... loss • Watery Diarrhea ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Algorithm Acidosis ... - RTA - Diarrhea ... Renal artery stenosis ... #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential ... Framework and Workup ... hyperchloremia - GI ... - Diarrhea - ... #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
- Differential ... FEPO4 < 5%: • GI ... Malabsorption, Chronic diarrhea ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... #phosphate #nephrology
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... : • Decreased GI ... Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea ... #nephrology #phosphorus ... #workup
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Diagnosis Algorithm ... the anion gap GI ... net charge) • Diarrhea ... • Fistula Renal ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology