184 results
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
Hypercalcemia - EKG ... • Milk-alkali syndrome ... Hypercalcemia #EKG ... #ECG #Electrocardiogram ... #Differential #
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 
Decreased Megakaryopoiesis
 • Aplastic Anemia
 • Toxic Damage (e.g.
Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia ... Toxic Damage (e.g ... Displacement (e.g ... Non-lmmune: • HELLP Syndrome ... Foreign Surface (e.g
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes
Intravascular Hemolysis:
 • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
(usually IgG) (e.g ... (usually IgM) (e.g ... deficiencies (e.g ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
Causes of Anemia with Normal Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased WBCs
 - Decreased/NormaI
Causes of Anemia ... Volume (MCV) - Differential ... • Secondary (e.g ... #Differential # ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis
Secondary Thrombocytosis (a.k.a Reactive Thrombocytosis):
 • Acute infection
 • Solid organ
Thrombocytosis - Differential ... malignancies • Anemia ... inflammatory disorders (e.g ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Causes #hematology
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework by MCV

Microcytic (MCV < 80) "TAILS":
 • Thalassemia
Algorithmic Approach to Anemia ... - Differential ... aciduria, Drugs (e.g ... MCV #Algorithm #Differential ... #Diagnosis #hematology
Causes of Anemia by Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Low Mean Corpuscular Volume (<80
Causes of Anemia ... Volume (MCV) - Differential ... Chronic Disease (e.g ... Classification #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Volume (MCV) - Differential ... Increased Requirement (e.g ... Myelodysplastic Syndromes ... #elevatedMCV #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Reticulocyte Production Index = (Retic %) x (Hct / 45) / Maturation Factor
The maturation factor is
infiltration (e.g ... Marrow suppression (e.g ... Intrinsic RBC defects (e.g ... Production #Index #hematology ... #anemia #differential
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA)

WARM AHA
- Primary - Idiopathics
- Secondary
Infectious
 • Viral- HIV, EBV, HCV, HEV
 •
• Antibiotics- eg ... /antipyretics- e.g ... Anticancer agents- eg ... ipilimumab • Others- eg ... AIHA #Diagnosis #Differential