19 results
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Aldosterone-secreting mass • Adrenal ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... causes • Laxative ... • Diarrhea A urine ... #nephrology #low
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... ↑ Aldosterone: Adrenal ... #potassium #differential ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap ... Loss (Negative urine ... Cell Problem - Low ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome, Congenital Adrenal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Urine Cl-: Vomiting ... (late) • High Urine ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Nephrology #Causes
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
of magnesium = (urine ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium ... #low
Hypokalemia Diagnostic Algorithm
To assess potassium excretion: perform 24-hour urine collection or alternatively obtain potassium-to-creatinine ratio on
perform 24-hour urine ... ratio on a spot urine ... values suggest renal ... #TTKG #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... nephron - TTKG > 7, Urine ... • ACEi/ARB • Adrenal ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology ... #Causes