53 results
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... Baseline plasma ACTH Low ... • Low or normal ... #endocrinology
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm ... low, uric acid ... and uric acid low ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Osmolarity 3) Urine Sodium ... Uric Acid - Low ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low #uricacid
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... intake, Renal insufficiency ... #differential #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... Hypothyroidism, Adrenal insufficiency ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... polydipsia • Insufficient ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology ... #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... polydipsia • Insufficient ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology ... #Causes
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
aldosterone Causes ... PRA • ↓ Serum sodium ... • Weakness • Low-grade ... ACTH • ↓ Serum sodium ... addisons #disease #endocrinology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Beer Potomania - Low ... Hypothyroidism, adrenal insufficiency ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology ... #Causes