737 results
Hypophosphatemia - Measurement of urine phosphate excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • GI loss
 • Redistribution
urine phosphate excretion ... deficiency • Primary Renal ... urinary #phosphate #excretion
General approach to AKI - Checklist

Urine electrolytes & FENa - Previously, it was believed that urine
that urine sodium excretion ... and fractional excretion ... differentiate between pre-renal ... and intrinsic renal
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis - Impaired Excretion vs Redistribution

Impaired Urinary Excretion 
 - Renal failure
 -
Diagnosis - Impaired Excretion ... Impaired Urinary Excretion ... - Renal failure
Causes of Hyperkalemia

Hyperkalemia is caused by excess potassium intake, impaired potassium excretion, or transcellular shifts. The
impaired potassium excretion ... with impaired renal ... by increasing excretion ... and underlying renal
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Primary - Under-excretion ... Secondary - Under-excretion ... Diabetic acidosis - Renal ... • Chronic renal
Drugs that Impair Renal Potassium Excretion 

Decreased ENaC channel function: Amiloride, Triamterene, Pentamidine
Decreased Aldosterone Synthesis: Heparin,
Drugs that Impair Renal ... Potassium Excretion ... Impaired #Potassium #Renal
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
algorithm Decreased renal ... potassium excretion ... • Acute renal ... failure • Chronic renal ... high: • Post-renal
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
Fractional excretion ... cells FEMg >4% = renal ... magnesium loss if renal
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
Burns Increased Excretion ... Fistula Increased Excretion ... - Renal FE PO4
Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift:
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 • Tumor Lysis
 • Metabolic or Respiratory Acidosis
Deficiency Decreased Excretion ... PO4 < 20%: • Renal ... Context of Impaired Renal