29 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic ... the patient have glomerular ... hematuria (RBC casts ... #Nephritic #Nephrotic ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... RBC casts in urine ... but in severe cases ... diabetes)) #Glomerular ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
• Hereditary nephritis ... Hematuria with active ... Hematuria with active ... and >3.5g/day (nephrotic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Management of Lupus Nephritis
Lupus nephritis (LN) in 10 to 40% of SLE
Hallmark = proteinuria 20.5 g/g
Lupus nephritis ... Focal LN (<50% of glomeruli ... Diffuse LN (>50% of glomeruli ... treatment #management #rheumatology ... #nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
presenting with overt glomerular ... clusters because nephritic ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... #proteinuria #nephrotic ... #syndrome #nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
evaluated for glomerular ... disorders that activate ... infections are common causes ... glomerulonephritis #nephrotic ... #nephritic #nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
red - cells Non-glomerular ... Dysmorphic red cells - Glomerular ... Diagnostic of glomerular ... brown cast” - Necrotic ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Secondary Causes ... Glomerulonephritis • Nephritic ... Steroids (Cushing's, exogenous ... RAS Metabolic Causes ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
Mesangiocapillary GN • Active ... dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts ... formation along glomerular ... glomerulopathy, radiation nephritis ... Glomerulonephritis #MPGN #nephrology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... • Drugs Glomerular ... albuminuria) - Active ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes