10 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... Pseudo-hyperaldosteronism: exogenous ... diagnosis #algorithm #causes ... #nephrology #potassium
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Pseudo-hyperaldosteronism: exogenous ... Gitelman's syndrome #Hypokalemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... • Drugs Glomerular ... albuminuria) - Active ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
evaluated for glomerular ... disorders that activate ... infections are common causes ... of glomerular disease ... nephrotic #nephritic #nephrology
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
Mesangiocapillary GN • Active ... dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts ... formation along glomerular ... Glomerulonephritis #MPGN #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... ectopic ACTH) • Exogenous ... dehydrogenase activity ... loop diuretics actively ... #nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease
1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
evaluated for glomerular ... disorders that activate ... infections are common causes ... #glomerular #disease ... initial #testing #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... hypotension) Decreased Glomerular ... • NSAlDs #Hyperkalemia ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... diuresis) RAAS Active ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... table #sodium #nephrology
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
algorithm for hypokalemia ... urine Cl; • Active ... genetic testing *If hypokalemia ... continued in most cases ... differential #algorithm #nephrology