16 results
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... and Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Evidence of glomerular ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
- Diagnostic of ... glomerular disease ... crystals may indicate metabolic ... Microscopy #Atlas #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
- Differential Diagnosis ... inversely related to glomerular ... rate by tubulo-glomerular ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... : plasma renin activity ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Drugs Glomerular ... albuminuria) - Active ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... : Differential Diagnosis ... ectopic ACTH) • Exogenous ... dehydrogenase activity ... #Causes #nephrology
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
- Differential Diagnosis ... DM (visit 2), Diagnosis ... Steroids (Cushing's, exogenous ... Unilateral RAS Metabolic ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Metabolic alkalosis ... Differential #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
disorders that activate ... infections are common causes ... #testing #workup ... #diagnosis #glomerulonephritis ... nephrotic #nephritic #nephrology
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
Mesangiocapillary GN • Active ... dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts ... formation along glomerular ... Glomerulonephritis #MPGN #nephrology ... #diagnosis #renal